implementing PHP PDO Prepared Statements and Named Placeholders Not Binding Properly
I'm trying to configure I'm confused about I'm performance testing and I'm working with a frustrating scenario with prepared statements using PDO in PHP 8.1. I’m trying to bind named placeholders to my SQL query, but they seem to not work as expected. When executing the statement, I receive a `PDOException` indicating that the parameter is not found. Here’s a simplified version of my code: ```php try { $pdo = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=test', 'user', 'password'); $pdo->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION); $stmt = $pdo->prepare("SELECT * FROM users WHERE email = :email AND status = :status"); $email = 'test@example.com'; $status = 'active'; // Binding parameters using named placeholders $stmt->bindParam(':email', $email); $stmt->bindParam(':status', $status); // Executing the statement $stmt->execute(); $result = $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC); print_r($result); } catch (PDOException $e) { echo 'behavior: ' . $e->getMessage(); } ``` The behavior I receive is: ``` behavior: SQLSTATE[HY093]: Parameter 1 not found ``` I have verified that my database connection is working correctly, and I also confirmed that the table `users` exists with the columns `email` and `status`. I’ve tried using different variables and even hardcoding values directly into the SQL string to troubleshoot, but the behavior continues. Is there something I'm missing with how I’m binding the parameters with PDO? Any suggestions on how to fix this would be greatly appreciated! I'm open to any suggestions.