Need to optimize JPA performance for large datasets in a Spring Boot application
I'm stuck on something that should probably be simple. Currently developing a Spring Boot project that interacts heavily with a PostgreSQL database... We noticed that our JPA queries are taking too long, especially when dealing with large datasets. I’m trying to figure out the best practices for optimizing these queries without sacrificing maintainability. For instance, I've tried using the `@Query` annotation to write custom SQL queries, hoping for better performance: ```java @Query(value = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE last_active > :lastActive", nativeQuery = true) List<User> findActiveUsers(@Param("lastActive") LocalDateTime lastActive); ``` However, the performance didn't improve significantly. I also explored using pagination with `Pageable`, but it doesn’t seem to be effective when loading large lists in memory. I came across the `Entity Graphs` feature that can help reduce the amount of data fetched with each query. Here’s what I tried: ```java @EntityGraph(attributePaths = {"roles", "permissions"}) List<User> findAll(); ``` While this reduced the number of queries, it still feels slow, especially under heavy load. Additionally, I’ve experimented with `@Transactional(readOnly = true)` for read operations, but it didn’t yield the expected results. I’m considering switching to a more direct JDBC approach for some of our critical queries, but I’m hesitant due to the potential increase in boilerplate code. Is there a clear path forward? Any recommended strategies or specific tools that can help with JPA performance optimization in this context? Also, are there any common pitfalls related to caching that I might be overlooking? Thanks for any insights! For context: I'm using Java on Windows. Any ideas what could be causing this? For context: I'm using Java on Ubuntu.