Optimizing SQLAlchemy Query Performance in a Django Rest Framework App
Could someone explain I'm not sure how to approach Hey everyone, I'm running into an issue that's driving me crazy... During development of a Django Rest Framework application, I've been focusing on optimizing my database queries using SQLAlchemy. I've noticed that some of my queries are taking significantly longer than expected, particularly as the dataset grows. For instance, I have a model defined like this: ```python class User(models.Model): username = models.CharField(max_length=150, unique=True) email = models.EmailField(unique=True) created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) ``` And I'm querying the database with: ```python users = User.query.filter(User.created_at > some_date).all() ``` While this works, it's not efficient when the table scales up. I've tried adding indexes to the `created_at` field and experimented with `prefetch_related` to reduce the number of queries. However, profiling still shows that these queries take around 200ms to execute. To dig deeper, I’ve also used Django’s built-in query logging to analyze the SQL being generated and found that I might be loading related models unnecessarily. This led me to consider using `select_related` instead. I modified my query: ```python users = User.query.select_related('profile').filter(User.created_at > some_date) ``` This change did reduce the number of queries executed, but I'm still seeing performance issues when retrieving a list of users with pagination. Currently implementing pagination with: ```python users = User.query.filter(User.created_at > some_date).paginate(page, per_page) ``` I’m looking for strategies or best practices that could help to further optimize query execution times. Are there any specific indexing strategies or caching mechanisms recommended for this scenario? Additionally, how can I effectively profile these queries to pinpoint bottlenecks? Any insights would be greatly appreciated! I'm developing on Debian with Python. Any feedback is welcome! This is my first time working with Python 3.10. What am I doing wrong? I'm coming from a different tech stack and learning Python. Thanks for your help in advance!