Handling Circular Imports in Python Modules with Dependency Injection
Hey everyone, I'm running into an issue that's driving me crazy... I've been banging my head against this for hours. I'm working with an scenario with circular imports in my Python project that uses a dependency injection pattern. I'm using Python 3.9 and have two modules: `module_a.py` and `module_b.py`. `module_a.py` imports a class from `module_b.py`, and vice versa, which leads to the infamous `ImportError: want to import name 'X' from partially initialized module 'module_b'`. Here's a simplified version of my code: `module_a.py` ```python from module_b import ClassB class ClassA: def __init__(self): self.class_b = ClassB() def do_something(self): return self.class_b.action() ``` `module_b.py` ```python from module_a import ClassA class ClassB: def action(self): return "Action performed by ClassB" ``` I've tried to resolve this by rearranging the import statements and using local imports inside the methods instead of at the top of the file, but that hasn't worked either. Here’s what I attempted: In `module_a.py`: ```python class ClassA: def __init__(self): from module_b import ClassB self.class_b = ClassB() ``` In `module_b.py`: ```python class ClassB: def action(self): from module_a import ClassA return "Action performed by ClassB" ``` However, this still leads to runtime errors. Is there a better design pattern I can use to avoid these circular imports while still keeping the classes modular? Any best practices or restructuring suggestions would be greatly appreciated! Any ideas what could be causing this? This is for a desktop app running on Windows 11. I'd be grateful for any help.