Django 4.0: Trouble with Custom Middleware Logging Requests and Responses
This might be a silly question, but This might be a silly question, but I've looked through the documentation and I'm still confused about I'm having an scenario with a custom middleware I implemented for my Django 4.0 application. The goal is to log the requests and responses for debugging purposes. However, I keep getting a `TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not callable` when I try to access the `response` object after modifying it. Here's the middleware code I've written: ```python class LoggingMiddleware: def __init__(self, get_response): self.get_response = get_response def __call__(self, request): # Log the request print(f'Incoming request: {request.path}') response = self.get_response(request) # Log the response print(f'Outgoing response: {response.status_code}') return response ``` I registered this middleware in my `settings.py` file: ```python MIDDLEWARE = [ 'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware', 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware', 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware', 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware', 'myapp.middleware.LoggingMiddleware', ] ``` When I send a request to my Django application, the console logs the incoming request correctly, but I get the `TypeError` when I try to log the response. I've checked that the view is returning a valid `HttpResponse` object. To troubleshoot, I tried adding some prints to check the type of `response` before logging it, and it appears to be `None`: ```python print(f'Type of response: {type(response)}') ``` What could be causing the `response` to be `None` in my middleware, and how can I resolve this? I've also tried wrapping the middleware call with a try-except block, but that hasn’t helped. Any insights would be greatly appreciated! I'm working on a application that needs to handle this. For context: I'm using Python on Linux. Is there a better approach? My development environment is Ubuntu. Any ideas what could be causing this?