PostgreSQL performance degradation on large JSONB column queries
I'm getting frustrated with I've looked through the documentation and I'm still confused about I've been experiencing important performance optimization when querying a PostgreSQL table that contains a large JSONB column. The queries that used to run in under a second are now taking upwards of ten seconds, especially when filtering based on keys within the JSONB data. The table structure is as follows: ```sql CREATE TABLE users ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, data JSONB NOT NULL ); ``` I have around 500,000 entries in this table. To filter the data, I usually run queries like this: ```sql SELECT * FROM users WHERE data ->> 'status' = 'active'; ``` I've tried creating a GIN index on the JSONB column: ```sql CREATE INDEX idx_users_data_status ON users USING GIN (data); ``` However, the query performance has not improved significantly. When I analyze the query with `EXPLAIN ANALYZE`, it shows that the index is being used, but I still see a sequential scan happening, which seems counterintuitive given the index. The output of `EXPLAIN ANALYZE` shows: ``` Seq Scan on users (cost=0.00..21000.00 rows=500000 width=100) " Filter: (data ->> 'status'::text) = 'active'::text" " Rows Removed by Filter: 485000" ``` I suspect that the size of the JSONB data might be affecting performance, but I'm not sure how to optimize this further. Would it be better to store critical fields in separate columns instead of relying entirely on JSONB? Any advice on optimizing these queries or restructuring the data would be greatly appreciated! What's the best practice here? What are your experiences with this? Is this even possible?