Graph Traversal using Depth-First Search with Recursive Stack Overflow in Python
I've been working on this all day and I recently switched to I'm currently implementing a depth-first search (DFS) algorithm for a large graph in Python, and I'm working with a stack overflow behavior when dealing with deeply nested structures. My implementation seems correct, but for graphs with a large depth, I receive the following behavior: `RecursionError: maximum recursion depth exceeded in comparison`. I am using Python 3.9. Here’s a simplified version of my DFS implementation: ```python class Graph: def __init__(self): self.graph = {} def add_edge(self, u, v): if u not in self.graph: self.graph[u] = [] self.graph[u].append(v) def dfs(self, node, visited): visited.add(node) print(node) for neighbor in self.graph.get(node, []): if neighbor not in visited: self.dfs(neighbor, visited) ``` I have already tried increasing the recursion limit with `sys.setrecursionlimit(1500)`, but this only temporarily fixes the scenario for certain graphs. I also tested using an iterative approach with a stack, but the implementation became complex and less readable. Here’s the iterative version I attempted: ```python def dfs_iterative(self, start): stack = [start] visited = set() while stack: node = stack.pop() if node not in visited: visited.add(node) print(node) stack.extend(reversed(self.graph.get(node, []))) ``` While the iterative version works, I'm concerned about the readability and maintainability of the code. Is there a best practice for managing deep recursion in Python DFS without losing the clarity of the recursive approach? No matter what I try, I need to seem to get the elegance of the recursive method without hitting this stack overflow scenario for deep graphs. Any suggestions? Any ideas how to fix this? I'm working on a web app that needs to handle this. What am I doing wrong?