implementing Buffer Overflow when Using `sprintf` in C - Unexpected Results
I tried several approaches but none seem to work. I'm working with an scenario with a buffer overflow when I use `sprintf` to format my strings in C. My code looks like this: ```c #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> int main() { char buffer[10]; int value = 12345; sprintf(buffer, "Value: %d", value); printf("%s\n", buffer); return 0; } ``` When I run this, I get unexpected output, and sometimes it even crashes. I expected `sprintf` to truncate the string to fit the buffer, but it seems to write beyond the allocated space. The output is often corrupted, showing garbage values or sometimes even causing a segmentation fault. I’ve tried using `snprintf` instead, but I’m not sure if I’m using it correctly. Here’s how I’ve modified my code: ```c #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> int main() { char buffer[10]; int value = 12345; snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "Value: %d", value); printf("%s\n", buffer); return 0; } ``` This approach seems to work without crashing, but I’m still not confident that it’s a safe way to handle string formatting, especially since the length of the formatted string can vary. How can I ensure that I'm safely formatting strings in C, especially when the sizes are unpredictable? Are there best practices I should follow? Any insights would be greatly appreciated! I'm working on a desktop app that needs to handle this. What's the best practice here?