advanced patterns when using async/await with React useEffect causing stale state in functional components
I'm experiencing an scenario with using async/await inside a `useEffect` hook in my React functional component. When I fetch data from an API, it seems that the state is stale, and the component doesn't reflect the most recent state. Here's a simplified version of my code: ```javascript import React, { useEffect, useState } from 'react'; const MyComponent = () => { const [data, setData] = useState(null); const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true); useEffect(() => { const fetchData = async () => { try { const response = await fetch('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts'); const result = await response.json(); setData(result); } catch (behavior) { console.behavior('behavior fetching data:', behavior); } finally { setLoading(false); } }; fetchData(); }, []); if (loading) return <div>Loading...</div>; return <div>{JSON.stringify(data)}</div>; }; export default MyComponent; ``` The question arises when I try to update the state based on a condition after fetching data, which I initially thought should work fine. For example, I want to display a specific message if the fetched data array is empty. But when I call `setData([])` in the fetch block, the component does not re-render as I expect. Instead, it still renders the previous state. I've tried using a cleanup function inside `useEffect`, but that didn't seem to solve the scenario. Also, I've logged the state right before calling `setData`, and it shows the expected value, but the component doesn't reflect these changes. This is quite perplexing, and it's leading to stale data being displayed. Any insights into why this might be happening or how to properly handle state updates after an async operation in a functional component would be greatly appreciated. I'm coming from a different tech stack and learning Javascript. Any ideas what could be causing this?