Handling Dynamic Dictionary Keys with Python's f-strings for Logging
I'm getting frustrated with I'm trying to build a logging utility that dynamically constructs log messages using keys from a dictionary in Python 3.9. I want the log message to reflect the values of certain keys based on the context of the operation being logged. The challenge is that sometimes the keys may not exist, and I need to ensure my logging string handles these cases gracefully without raising KeyError exceptions. Here's what I have so far: ```python import logging # Set up basic configuration for logging logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO) # Sample dictionary simulating some data sample_data = { 'user_id': 42, 'action': 'login' } # Function to log messages based on dictionary keys def log_user_action(data): try: logging.info(f'User {data['user_id']} performed action: {data['action']}') except KeyError as e: logging.warning(f'Missing key: {str(e)}') # Logging user action log_user_action(sample_data) # Test with missing key log_user_action({'user_id': 42}) ``` When I run the function with the complete dictionary, it logs correctly: `INFO:root:User 42 performed action: login`. However, when I pass in the dictionary `{'user_id': 42}`, I get a `KeyError` because `action` is missing, and the warning gets logged instead. I was hoping to find a way to construct the log message without causing an exception when keys are missing. Ideally, I want to log something like `User 42 performed action: N/A` when the action key is not present. I've thought about using the `get()` method on the dictionary, but I'm not sure how to integrate that into my f-string properly. Could someone suggest a clean way to handle this? Thanks! I'm working in a Debian environment.